Keywords: organic farming, GHG emissions, climate change mitigation, Brazil
1. Introduction
Organic agri-food systems are an alternative to the sustainability challenges of today’s conventional systems. However, knowledge of their effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is limited and provides heterogeneous results (Boschiero et al., 2023). This is particularly...
Introduction
We investigate whether agricultural commodity booms can lead to social conflict. The economic literature suggests that commodity booms reduce conflicts by creating employment, raising incomes, and hence increasing the opportunity cost of violence. Yet, simultaneously, stronger incentives to contest the distribution of this additional income may lead to a rising potential...
Introduction:
Indonesia’s economic landscape is heavily influenced by the significant presence of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). According to the 2016 Economic Census, a staggering 99 percent of the country’s firms fall into the MSME category. A substantial portion of these enterprises operates informally, with informality shares amounting to approximately 65 percent...
